Quitting TRT: What to Expect and How to Manage the Transition
Stopping TRT: Challenges, Solutions, and the Road to Recovery
Testosterone
replacement therapy (TRT) is a common treatment for men with low
testosterone levels, helping to improve energy, mood, muscle mass, and overall
well-being. Treatment for men has become popular as the understanding of
hormone balance by qualified healthcare providers has led to a better understanding
of the health benefits from a proper protocol. We have treated countless
patients for testosterone therapy and the vast majority of our patients stay on
testosterone therapy long term, however, there may come a time when you decide
to stop TRT—whether it’s due to financial considerations, side effects, medical
advice, or personal choice. Understanding what to expect when discontinuing TRT
and how to manage the transition can be crucial for a smooth process of coming
off TRT and mitigate and side effects from cessation of treatment. Here’s a
guide on coming off testosterone therapy, including the symptoms you may
experience, the steps to take, and tips for maintaining health and hormone
balance. It should be noted that stopping any medically supervised treatment
should be don’t in collaboration with your prescribing physician, and anyone
stopping testosterone therapy that they are undergoing without physician
guidance or prescription (which we strongly do not recommend) SHOULD seek out
the expertise of a licensed physician.
Why Come Off TRT?
Whereas the majority of our patients stay on hormone therapy
for a long period of time, sometime patients may decide to stop therapy. There
are various reasons why someone might decide to stop TRT. These can include:
Unwanted Side Effects: Some
men experience side
effects on TRT like water retention, acne, increased blood pressure, or
mood swings. While these are often manageable, they can sometimes prompt
discontinuation. Usually these side effects can be managed with slight
adjustments to the patients protocol however the mere presence of any side
effects can be enough to dissuade a patient from continuation of treatment.
Health Concerns: Certain
health risks are associated with long-term TRT use, particularly in individuals
with pre-existing conditions. Patients that may have preexisting heart
conditions or prostate cancer may not be good candidates for therapy.
Desire to Boost Natural
Testosterone: Some men prefer to pursue lifestyle changes, supplements, or
other therapies to boost
natural testosterone production rather than rely on TRT. Things like diet,
sleep, exercise and stress management may help increase testosterone and for
some patients this may be a suitable course of action.
Fertility Considerations:
TRT can suppress natural testosterone production and potentially reduce sperm
count, impacting fertility. Often we have patients Discontinuing TRT is
sometimes necessary for men looking to restore fertility, however there are
medications that can help maintain
fertility when on TRT like enclomiphene, FSH, LH and hCG.
Effects of Coming Off TRT
For those that do decide to stop hormone therapy there are a
few issues that they may deal with, especially for the first few weeks after
quitting treatment. Testosterone replacement therapy introduces exogenous synthetic
or bioidentical testosterone into the body, often causing the body’s natural
testosterone production to slow down or halt once the hypothalamus detects
increased levels in the bloodstream. When you stop TRT, the endocrine system
realizes that it needs to start making more of the hormone and thus your body
needs time to recalibrate. The hypothalamus will begin releasing more GnRH
which in turn causes the pituitary to secrete more LH and FSH which then
triggers the testes to produce testosterone. Unfortunately, this process make
take some time to “reboot the system” which can lead to several effects:
- Drop
in Energy Levels: A decrease in energy is common as the body adjusts.
Many men report feeling sluggish, fatigued and there may be a decline in
physical endurance and motivation to do things like hit the gym or
exercise. This often can resolve itself however many men have stated they
go back to feeling like they did PRIOR to starting TRT. Considering they
started TRT because of how they felt, this often leads to feelings of
frustration and many men will decide to restart treatment as a result.
- Mood
Changes: Testosterone influences mood regulation, so you may feel
irritable, anxious, or even depressed while coming off TRT. It turns out
that optimized hormones leads to men feeling better physically and this
will influence their mood. When the benefits of TRT no longer exist, they
may feel more irritable as a result.
- Reduction
in Muscle Mass and Strength: Testosterone supports muscle protein
synthesis, so you may notice a decrease in muscle mass and strength
without TRT. Men feel weaker, lose definition and motivation to workout.
They may gain fat as well as lose muscle starting a cycle that accelerates
testosterone depletion.
- Lowered
Libido: Testosterone
plays a key role in sex drive, so you may experience reduced libido
and sexual function initially. Many
men start TRT for specifically its role in increasing testosterone and
improving erectile function.
- Changes
in Sleep: Some men find it challenging to sleep well when coming off
TRT, often reporting insomnia or disrupted sleep patterns. There is a
definite link between testosterone
levels and sleep. Sleep is when men produce testosterone so when you
cant sleep well, they cycle get exacerbated and levels decline even more.
Better sleep equals better testosterone. Lower testosterone leads to poor
sleep. It’s like being stuck between a rock and a hard place.
- Possible
Weight Gain: Without TRT, metabolism can slow down, leading to
potential weight gain if dietary habits are not adjusted accordingly. Patients
with low testosterone usually have higher estrogen and gain fat around
their midsection. When you factor in a decrease in energy, and muscle
synthesis, this can quickly spiral out of control.
Planning for the Transition Off TRT
Stopping TRT requires a planned and gradual approach,
ideally under the supervision of a healthcare provider. Usually, they will come
up with a “tapering off” protocol to ease the transition and mitigate side
effects. Other physicians may decide to have a patient go off “cold turkey” to
restart the natural production as quickly as possible. Each patient will have a
different and unique approach. Here are some steps to consider when coming off
of testosterone therapy, whether its injections, creams or pellets:
1. Consult with Your Healthcare Provider
Your doctor can provide guidance on the safest way to taper
off TRT. Abruptly stopping testosterone can lead to a sudden drop in levels,
causing more severe symptoms. A gradual reduction in dosage can help your body
adjust more smoothly.
2. Consider a PCT (Post-Cycle Therapy)
Post-cycle therapy (PCT) involves medications or supplements
that encourage the body to restart natural testosterone production. Common
options include:
- Enlomiphene:
Enclomiphene
is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that stimulates the
body’s production of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating
hormone (FSH), promoting natural testosterone production in men. Sometimes
doctors will prescribe Clomid, however enclomiphene has been shown to
demonstrate fewer side effects and is a better option for most patients,
though every patient is unique so it’s best to consult with an experienced
physician or endocrinologist/urologist to determine which medication is
best for you, enclomiphene
of clomid when stopping TRT.
- Human Chorionic Gonadotropin
(hCG): hCG mimics Luteinizing
hormone (LH), a hormone released by the pituitary in response to the hypothalamus
releasing GnRh. It works by stimulating the testes to produce testosterone
and prevent testicular shrinkage for men who take exogenous testosterone
injections. Its probably the best solution for this however recently it’s
become more difficult to obtain and has increased in costs due to FDA
regulatory changes in 2020, which limited compounding pharmacies and their
ability to manufacture the medicine. As a result the demand and costs have
increased while the supply has dwindled.
- Tamoxifen
(Nolvadex): Like Clomid, tamoxifen
is a SERM that can help restore hormone balance. Tamoxifen is a selective
estrogen receptor modulator often referred to as a SERM. It’s commonly
used to treat and prevent breast cancer by blocking estrogen’s effects on
certain cells however in men it’s sometimes utilized in post-cycle therapy
(PCT) for individuals who have used anabolic steroids in an effort to help
restore natural hormone balance.
Your doctor may recommend one or a combination of these
therapies based on your specific needs, but note that PCT may not be necessary
for everyone as everyone will have different needs, results and goals.
3. Adopt Healthy Lifestyle Habits to Support Testosterone
This is kind of a no brainer and something that we should
all do regardless of our HRT status, but especially after TRT, focusing on
lifestyle choices can help to make a significant difference in your hormone
levels and overall well-being. Key areas for people to focus on include:
- Exercise:
Resistance training, such as plyometrics and weightlifting, has been shown
to not only support testosterone levels, but actually increase them. Patients
who engage in regular exercise, incorporating both strength training and
cardiovascular exercise will see improved overall health as well as more
optimized hormone levels as a result of their efforts.
- Diet:
A diet that is rich in items such as lean proteins, healthy fats, and
essential nutrients (like zinc and vitamin D) can help support
testosterone production. Avoiding processed foods, excess sugar, and
alcohol can also benefit hormone balance. Here’s a link to learn more
about foods
that can help increase testosterone levels. If eating healthy is an
issue, then consider taking a multivitamin to ensure proper micronutrient supplementation
into your diet.
- Sleep:
Quality sleep is crucial for testosterone production. Men make
testosterone overnight when they are sleeping. Aim for 7–9 hours per night
to promote recovery and reduce stress. Even adding one extra hour of rest
per night will potentially have a tremendous impact on testosterone
production.
- Stress
Management: This one is easier said than done. We all have stress
whether it’s work or family related. Chronic stress elevates cortisol, a
hormone that can suppress testosterone production in men. Practicing
mindfulness, yoga, or meditation can be beneficial to reducing stress.
Just finding time out to engage in activities that one enjoys is important
for maintaining a healthy and happy lifestyle.
Managing Symptoms After Coming Off TRT
While adjusting off TRT, you may start to experience a range
of symptoms that can be challenging and often overwhelming at first. Here are a
few proven strategies for managing them while adjusting your body’s new hormone
levels.
1. Fatigue and Low Energy
This is one of the biggest complaints we hear from patients
after they stop TRT. Many times, [patients will call to ask why they feel so
run down and we politely explain to them, that this is just how many patients
feel with Low T. To combat low energy, focus on a balanced diet, regular
exercise, and sufficient sleep. Avoid over-relying on caffeine, as it can lead
to crashes later in the day. Instead, try natural energy boosters like green
tea or B vitamins. After a period of time, these may help boost T levels and
help increase natural testosterone production as well.
2. Mood Swings and Irritability
Mood swings can be difficult to handle but are often
temporary. Men typically feel good with optimized hormone levels so when you
come off of TRT, you may feel sluggish, down and the dumps and grumpy. This is
hard for the man as well as his loved ones, friends, and coworkers. Practicing stress management
techniques like deep breathing or progressive muscle relaxation can help.
Talking with a counselor or therapist can also be helpful if you experience
significant mood changes or depressive symptoms.
3. Loss of Muscle Mass and Strength
A decrease in muscle mass is common after stopping TRT.
However, resistance training can help you retain muscle and even stimulate some
natural testosterone production but expect to lose size and strength as well as
definition. Consistency with a structured workout routine is key in staying
healthy but the reality is, without optimized testosterone levels, a patient is
going to see a decrease is muscle mass.
4. Reduced Libido and Sexual Function
Libido quite often declines when coming off TRT, but it may
improve as your body adapts. Typically
our patients notice a large increase in their sex drive when they start TRT and
unfortunately a swift decline once they stop. Open communication with your
partner and realistic expectations are essential when this occurs.
Additionally, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress reduction can
positively impact libido over time and may be needed to combat the lower
suboptimal testosterone levels.
5. Weight Gain
Without TRT, metabolism may slow, leading to weight gain, especially
in the abdominal area for men. Focusing on nutrient-dense foods, portion
control, and regular physical activity can help you manage your weight
especially after stopping
TRT. A combination of resistance training and cardiovascular exercise is
effective for maintaining a healthy body composition/BMI and will help maximize
the body’s natural testosterone production. Avoiding processed foods, sugars
and fast food is important during the transitional period to prevent rapid
weight gain post HRT cessation.
Natural Supplements to Support Testosterone Levels
There are several natural supplements which may help to
support testosterone levels during this transition, although the increase in T
production may be slight, especially in comparison to prescription testosterone.
There are many over the
counter testosterone boosters on the market, however studies have shown
that most of these are ineffective and in many cases actually can LOWER your
testosterone levels. Some popular options of testosterone boosters include:
- Zinc:
Zinc is an essential mineral known for its ability to help raise/optimize
testosterone production. You can get zinc through various food sources, such
as red meat, poultry, shellfish (like oysters), beans, nuts, whole grains,
and dairy products. Zinc is also available in supplement form, either as
standalone zinc tablets or in multivitamins and mineral supplements which
can be purchase at most local pharmacies, supermarkets and sports nutritional
stores like GNC.
- Vitamin
D: Low vitamin D is associated with low testosterone. Vitamin D can be
obtained by people through sunlight exposure, as the skin produces it when
exposed to UVB rays but this may not be suitable or even possible for
everyone. You can also get vitamin D from foods like fatty fish (salmon,
mackerel), fortified dairy products, egg yolks, and by taking vitamin D
supplements when needed, especially in areas with limited sunlight.
- Ashwagandha:
Ashwagandha is an adaptogenic herb traditionally used in Ayurvedic
medicine to help the body manage stress, promote relaxation, and improve
overall well-being. Known for its potential to support cognitive function,
energy levels, and hormone balance, ashwagandha may also have benefits for
reducing anxiety, enhancing physical endurance, and supporting immune
health all of which may have a positive impact of testosterone levels.
- Fenugreek:
Fenugreek is commonly used in traditional medicine and cooking, known for
its potential health benefits, including supporting hormone balance,
digestion, and blood sugar regulation. Often taken as a supplement,
fenugreek may also help enhance libido and testosterone levels in men, as
well as support milk production in breastfeeding women. Fenugreek has
shown some promise in supporting testosterone and libido, though more
research is needed to fully understand its benefits towards this process.
Stopping TRT: Patience and Monitoring
For patients coming off TRT, it
is a journey that requires patience and a strong commitment to lifestyle
adjustments in order to prevent the potential side effects that are most likely
to occur after ending treatment. Hormonal balance can take time to restore
naturally, so allow yourself several months in order for your body to adjust
fully back to natural pre-trt production, especially for older men who have
been on long
term testosterone therapy. It’s normal to experience fluctuations in
energy, mood, and libido as your natural testosterone production resumes and be
aware that they will usually only bounce back to pre-trt levels and often don’t
even get to be that high. Everyone is different.
It's vital to schedule regular check-ups with your
healthcare provider who can ensure your transition is progressing smoothly
under their guidance. Blood tests can provide insight into your hormone levels
and how quickly they’re rebounding and will help your doctor determine if
additional support, like PCT or natural supplements, may be necessary to help
restart your endocrine production.
While coming off TRT may present challenges for most men,
focusing on a holistic approach to health—through diet, exercise, sleep, and
stress management—can ease the process and is something that we should all be
doing anyway. Over time, you may find a new balance that allows you to enjoy
improved well-being without needing long-term testosterone supplementation,
however it’s in everyone’s best interest to seek the care of an experienced
healthcare provider to allow us to make the most informed decisions possible
about our health.